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Baltic and Baltic-Finnic artefacts in the collection of Turaida Museum Reserve
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Baltic and Baltic-Finnic artefacts
in the collection of Turaida Museum Reserve.
The 3
rd
millennium BC – the 1
st
half of the 13
th
century
One of the most comprehensive collections of Turaida Museum Reserve (until 1988 –
Sigulda Local History Museum) comprises a wealth of archaeological artefacts. Acquisition has
notably started with evidences of the most ancient population – two stone work axes (SM 26 and
SM 27), obtained as single finds in 1949 in the vicinity of Inčukalns. The archaeological collection
includes artefacts found during archaeological excavations organised by Sigulda Local History
Museum and Turaida Museum Reserve, and single finds from the environs of Turaida, Krimulda,
Inciems, Sigulda, Inčukalns and Allaži. The blacksmith’s hoard of Rauši village of Dole that was
included in the collection of Turaida Museum Reserve in 1991, for the purpose of exposition,
taking it over from the Institute of Latvian History, represents Daugava Liv culture. The catalogued
artefacts have been acquired from 15 archaeological monuments:
1) Turaida Hillfort and the Stone Castle (1953, Ā. Stubavs; 1967–1968, R. Malvess; 1974
and 1976–2000, J. Graudonis),
2) Krimulda New Cemetery ancient burial ground (1968, D. Klepere, M. Kreišmane),
3) Liepenes ancient burial ground II (1968, D. Klepere, M. Kreišmane),
4) Saksukalns ancient burial ground (1969, M. Vilsone, M. Kreišmane),
5)TuraidaBaznīckalns (ChurchHill)medieval cemetery (1969–1971,D.Klepere,M.Kreišmane),
6) Melkerti ancient burial ground (
batariņi
) (1970, J. Graudonis),
7) Rauši village of Dole and settlement site (1970, E. Šnore, J. Daiga),
8) Murjāņi ancient burial ground (1974, J. Graudonis),
9) Liepenes ancient burial ground I (
batariņi
) (1984, J. Graudonis),
10) Kubesele Hillfort (1991, A. Vasks and J. Ciglis),
11) Priežu ancient burial ground (1992, J. Ciglis),
12) Kārļa kalns (Kārļa Hill) (1993, J. Ciglis; 1994–2001, E. Jemeļjanovs),
13) Satesele Hillfort (2005–2006, G. Zemītis),
14) Sigulda Hill of the Cross (2007–2009, E. Jemeļjanovs),
15) Turaida Jāņkalns Hill (2013–2014, E. Jemeļjanovs).
The catalogue provides an opportunity to get acquainted with the most ancient part of
the archaeological collection – artefacts that since the Neolithic (the 2
nd
millennium BC), for
more than three millenniums, have been used by the indigenous population of the lower reaches
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